Risk of Domestic Violence and Honour-Based Violence. Part I

Risk of Domestic Violence and Honour-Based Violence. Part I.

Domestic violence in Albania is widespread and remains significantly underreported. National surveys and international monitoring bodies consistently report high prevalence rates. The Albanian Demographic and Health Survey found that about half of Albanian women have experienced some form of domestic or family violence in their lifetime. The U.S. Department of State likewise reports that domestic violence against women and children is common, and that enforcement of protective measures remains inconsistent, especially when abuse occurs within the family. Violence by fathers, uncles, and other male relatives is well documented, particularly in families marked by alcohol dependency and entrenched patriarchal attitudes. International observers note that such abuse often begins in childhood and can continue for years without intervention, as family members discourage reporting and authorities hesitate to interfere in what are treated as private family matters.

Domestic violence is often tolerated and concealed in Albanian society because deep-rooted patriarchal norms frame it as a private issue. Many cases go unreported, especially in rural areas, where violence continues to be excused and women often blame themselves. There is also widespread lack of awareness among women and girls about domestic violence laws, protection measures, and legal remedies, or even that such violence is a violation of human rights and a punishable crime. Although Albanian law does not recognise “honour-based violence” as a separate legal category, NGOs, international organisations, and the UK Home Office recognise honour-motivated harm as a real phenomenon.